Faced with the outbreak of energy costs and international competition in ecological matters, the desire to reindustrialize the Head of State is put to the test.
By Audrey Tlurier
A high mass with a general mobilization. The invitation, Tuesday, November 8 under the gold of the Elysée Palace, bosses of the fifty most polluting sites in France, was an opportunity for Emmanuel Macron to conclude a “decarbonation pact” with manufacturers. But also to ensure “the French industry team”, in the words of the minister in charge of this sector, Roland Lescure, that the government remains at its bedside in the midst of economic and geostrategic turbulence.
The outbreak of energy prices in Europe caused by war in Ukraine, but also the acceleration of ecological transition imperatives around the world, come to undermining the tricolor ambitions for industry . As part of his supply policy, the President of the Republic had made reindustrialisation a marker of his first five -year term: summits “Choose France” each year in Versailles for major international investors, industry component of the recovery plan Post-Cavid (30 billion euros out of 100 billion of the plan), France 2030 plan unveiled with great fanfare at the end of 2021. His second term was intended to be placed under the same auspices. This is evidenced by the decrease of 10 billion production taxes (through the abolition of the contribution on the added value of companies) which, even if it has finally been spread over two years, responds to a long -standing claim business environments.
“Since 2016 and the end of the Hollande mandate [responsibility pact, tax credit for competitiveness and employment…], the indicators have returned to the green in terms of plant implementation, relocation or job creation. This has not happened since 2009, “said David Cousquer, manager of the Trendeo firm, who regularly publishes a barometer on the subject. And if the crisis linked to the COVID-19 put a stop at this expansion, it also strengthened the inclinations of French industrial sovereignty. In the third quarter of 2022, industrial employment further increased by 0.4 % (+12,500 positions), at its highest level since the first quarter of 2015, according to INSEE.
“risk of Industrial dropout “
The fact that Europe is found, unlike China and the United States, immersed in an unprecedented energy crisis, but also that ecological imperatives encourage a return of protectionism, questioned everything. In the United States, inflation Reduction ACT (370 billion dollars) aims in particular to subsidize local green productions (electric vehicles, etc.). China also invests massively to revive its economy. Without forgetting intra-European competition, with the 200 billion euros put on the table by Germany to protect households and businesses, while the carbon tax at the borders of the Union is always long in.
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