Australian scientists at RMIT University’s TMOS Center have achieved a major breakthrough in blood glucose control with the development of a miniature optical sensor. This innovative sensor, measuring only 5 mm in diameter, has the potential to revolutionize diabetes management by enabling continuous and painless monitoring of glucose levels.
Traditional methods of glucose measurement, which involve finger pricks or the use of micro needles, can be uncomfortable and lead to itching, inflammation, and infection. Optical glucose measurement methods, although known for many years, have faced challenges in miniaturization and filtering out glucose signals from water absorption peaks in the near-infrared spectrum.
A study published in the journal Advanced Sensor Research revealed the discovery of four distinct infrared peaks specific to glucose, allowing for its accurate detection in both aquatic and biological environments. This breakthrough enabled the development of a prototype device powered by Bluetooth and a rechargeable battery, demonstrating high precision in measuring glucose levels from 50 to 400 mg/dL in blood plasma.
The miniature sensor created by the TMOS team has the potential to be integrated into smartwatches and other health devices in the future, offering painless glucose monitoring. The device prototype features a surface-mounted LED and a thin copper-polyamide film chain, measuring only 110 microns thick and produced using laser technology, making it significantly smaller than traditional laboratory spectrophotometers.
Research has indicated that the surface-mounted LED can effectively penetrate the skin, as supported by computer analysis and simulations, paving the way for clinical use of optical glucose sensors.
Lead researcher Minja Young, a graduate student at RMIT University, highlights the significance of the unique spectroscopic signature of glucose, which had previously been the subject of debate due to its similarity to water signals. However, through spectroscopy optimization, the team successfully isolated glucose-specific peaks, laying the foundation for the future development of a painless sensor.
RMIT University has filed a patent application related to the glucose optical sensor technology. Principal investigator at TMOS, Madhu Bhaskaran, emphasizes that the non-invasive nature of optical glucose sensors could enhance patient compliance, reduce discomfort, and lower the risk of infections associated with traditional invasive glucose monitoring methods. With adequate support and funding, this breakthrough represents a significant stride towards achieving continuous and painless glucose control.